Following a brain injury, clinicians may use imaging tests to see inside the brain. Imaging tests can show abnormalities, such as blood clots or brain bleeds, as well as show the individual’s actual brain function.
Computed Axial Tomography (CAT or CT) scans produce cross-sectional pictures to create 3-D brain images that will show the brain’s density and any abnormalities, such as swelling, bleeds (called hematomas), and skull fractures. Though not as sensitive as MRI scans, CT scans take less time to perform and are typically the first scans taken in the hospital.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) produces detailed images of the brain using radio waves and a strong magnetic field. MRI scans typically take longer to obtain than CT scans, but they are more sensitive and provide more detail. They are not typically done in the immediate care (Emergency Department or Intensive Care Unit) or during the initial treatment after a brain injury.
A Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) provides the treatment team with images of blood vessels in the brain and throughout the body to show blockages or abnormalities.
X-ray imaging allows the treatment team to locate any skull fractures or other broken bones as a result of the injury.
An Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that measures the electrical activity in a person’s brain. This test is usually done to determine the amount of brain activity and to detect any suspected seizure activity.
Tests to create pictures of the brain’s activity during various tasks. These studies may include SPECT (single photon emission computerized tomography) and PET (position emission tomography) scans.
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